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Tuesday, August 25, 2020
The Effect of Osmosis on Potato Tissue When Placed In Different Essay
The Effect of Osmosis on Potato Tissue When Placed In Different Concentrations of Sugar Solutions - Essay Example This is as opposed to the potato cut in the principal measuring glass in which just 1 teaspoon of sugar was disintegrated and which has contracted the least. This pilot test will presently be directed in a considerably more exact manner and the examination will manage sugar in moles per liter of arrangement and the weight contrast of the potato cuts will be resolved so as to correspond the sugar arrangement molarity with the adjustment in weight of the potato cut. Speculation Place potato tissues of similar measurements and weight and taken from a similar potato in sugar arrangements of various molarities (a proportion of fixation for example the quantity of moles of sugar present in 1 liter of arrangement), all at a similar temperature and weight, at that point assimilation happens and there will be a distinction in the loads of potato cuts in the various examples. Materials expected to direct the analysis a sharp blade, a gauging balance, 4 recepticles, 4 potato cuts, sugar arrangements of various centralizations of sugar-0.1M, 0.2M, 0.3M and water with no sugar broke up in it. (around 68F/20C) and pressure.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Leadership Approach Paper Essay
Authoritative conduct becomes an integral factor to help the executives in improving their comprehension of human conduct inside associations to all the more likely impart, designate assets, delegate errands, plan, compose, direct, and control work exercises. The principle reason for understanding authoritative conduct is to expand administration viability, propel laborers, and move them to move in the direction of a typical goal. In spite of the fact that there are numerous authority draws near, we will concentrate on the situational administration approach. We will break down the reason, qualities and shortcomings of the situational authority approach, and give a case of how it very well may be applied to genuine circumstances. Situational Leadership Approach As it name recommends, the situational initiative methodology expresses that pioneers should utilize various methodologies as circumstances change. To put it plainly, pioneers ought to be adaptable, hold onto change as it comes, and be fit for adjusting to it. The situational authority approach is a model that was created by Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey in 1972. The hypothesis expresses that pioneers should coordinate their authority style to the development of adherents and to the particular undertakings close by (Lerstrom, 2008). As individuals inside associations obtain more understanding and become progressively proficient about their activity, pioneers should adjust new administration styles to keep these individuals roused. As indicated by May (2013) the center idea of the situational authority approach is that ââ¬Å"one size doesn't fit allâ⬠. The best heads are the individuals who have a dream, however ââ¬Å"the best pioneers are the ones who can adjust their administration styles over an expansive scope of fluctuating development levels promptly present inside the normal association (May, 2013). â⬠Moreover, utilizing the situational authority approach proposes that pioneers utilize a blend of other initiative ways to deal with be powerful. As per Phatak (2012), ââ¬Å"The theory of a pioneer should be adaptable enough to adjust to circumstances and evolving times. We need a blend of value-based and transformational administration procedures to take care of business. The fundamental thought behind this hypothesis is that one must adjust technique with evolving conditions. â⬠Strengths As referenced before, situational administration takes into consideration greater adaptability. As the world advances, associations need to make changes in accordance with endure. Tomasco (2013) states that with the situational authority approach, pioneers get the chance to adjust their administration style to their followersââ¬â¢ needs. Therefore, as pioneers adequately coordinate their administration style to circumstances and followersââ¬â¢ needs, work exercises will run easily, cooperations will be progressively fruitful, connections will be developed, and adherents will accomplish ideal execution. Shortcomings Although the situational authority approach seems, by all accounts, to be the best strategy because of its adaptability, it has shortcomings that one can't disregard. Phatak (2012) clarifies that continually changing techniques with time, a pioneer will think that its hard to actualize new methodologies in a hurry. A drawn out vision may evade him because of steady changes. â⬠Further, Wile (2013) recognizes four shortcomings of the situational initiative methodology which are disarray, authority or the board, outside components, and recognition. Without a doubt, supporters may get befuddled as pioneers change a recently executed initiative procedure because of evolving conditions. The situational administration approach is regularly misinterpreted with an administration technique to lead representatives to accomplish better results. One can't minimize the effect outer components have on associations and hierarchical conduct. Pioneers ought to show their capacity to comprehend the organizationââ¬â¢s outer condition and to survey followersââ¬â¢ conduct to execute an initiative methodology that will work. At long last, individuals inside associations have various recognitions and respond contrastingly in comparable circumstances. Subsequently, the situational authority approach may not give exact expectations of followersââ¬â¢ conduct. Situational Leadership Approach in Real Life Alan Lerstrom from Luther College did a contextual investigation utilizing the situational administration approach in which he exhibited how scholarly consultants can change their authority style dependent on studentsââ¬â¢ development as they advance higher in their examinations. Lerstrom applied the Hersey and Blanchardââ¬â¢s model of situational authority for the situation study. The model recommends that compelling pioneers will modify their administration styles as per changing circumstances and followersââ¬â¢ development. As indicated by Lerstrom (2008), Jay, the understudy for the situation study started giving indications of development as he better comprehended the significant he needed to seek after and classes he expected to try out. Likewise, Jay turned out to be progressively certain about his capacities, comprehended the prerequisites related with his major, and was all the more ready to speak with the counsel. ââ¬Å"Situational administration give hypothetical and down to earth devices that help consultants in understanding changes in the status levels of their understudies, and it recommends designs for identifying with understudies (Lerstrom, 2008, p. 7). â⬠Conclusion Situational authority is the methodology that expresses that pioneers must be adaptable enough to adjust their administration styles to evolving circumstances, to explicit assignments, and to authoritative conduct. This investigation demonstrated that despite the fact that the situational authority approach yields positive results it has shortcomings. Along these lines, it is essential to use the qualities of the way to deal with reduce its shortcomings. For expanded viability, pioneers should utilize hierarchical conduct examine strategies to all the more likely comprehend the current circumstances, their followersââ¬â¢ observations, and the organizationââ¬â¢s interior and outside conditions. This strategy will give direction in applying the suitable authority style. References Lerstrom, A. C. Exhorting Jay: A Case Study Using a Situational Leadership Approach. NACADA Journal; Fall2008, Vol. 28 Issue 2, p21-27, 7p May, R. (2013). Rudiments of the Situational Leadership Model. Recovered from http://www. businessdictionary. com/article/724/nuts and bolts of-the-situational-leade rship-model/Phatak, O. (June 20, 2012). Advantages and disadvantages of Leadership Theories.
Types of Mathematics and Engineering
Sorts of Mathematics and Engineering Designing: Designing is the word that doesn't have legitimate definition. Each individual thinks with various perspective so make diverse definition yet most normally utilized meaning of building is, this is the useful use of science to trade or industry. As we realize that crafted by researcher is to know, the specialist to do for example the designer carries the information from science to tackle the issues. Building additionally give record of costs, wellbeing, execution and constraints of the given assets. Arithmetic: Arithmetic is characterized as the investigation of amounts and relations with the assistance of numbers and images. In this way, science and designing work together as they are correct hand to one another in light of the fact that building utilizes numerical tasks in estimation of their ventures. Science is acclaimed in current industry. Along these lines, science is found in each segment of the activity showcase as in designing exploration, media communications, PC administrations and programming, vitality frameworks, PC makers, aviation and car, synthetics and pharmaceuticals, and government research facilities, among others. Various kinds of arithmetic Geometry Trigonometry Analytics I and II Direct Algebra Differential Equations Insights. 1) Geometry:Geometry ( geo = earth, metria = measure) is a piece of science manages the size, shape, relative situation of figures and furthermore incorporates settling of room. Geometry is probably the most established science we use till now. FIG; Representation of various shapes 2) Trigonometry: Algebra is the part of science worry with the investigation of rules of tasks and the things developed from them, including terms, polynomials, conditions and arithmetical structures. It works with the geometry, examination, topology, combinatory, and number hypothesis, variable based math is the one of the most significant piece of the science. Explanations dependent on these factors are fathomed by utilizing the guidelines of tasks that apply to numbers, eg: increase, deduction, expansion, and so forth. FIG: A polynomial condition 3) Calculus: Calculus (It is a Latin word, analytics, a little stone utilized for tallying) is a branch in science takes a shot at limits, capacities, subsidiaries, integrals and unbounded arrangement. This piece of science manages a significant piece of current arithmetic instruction. It is separated into two significant branches, differential analytics and fundamental math. It is the investigation of progress happens on the cutoff points, same as that of geometry which is the investigation of shapes and polynomial math is the investigation of progress, similarly that geometry is the investigation of shape and variable based math is the investigation of tasks and their application to unraveling conditions. Analytics is a lot of utilized in science, financial aspects and designing and can comprehend utilizing math we cannot envision its answer without math. Differential Equations Essential Calculus 4) Linear Algebra: Linear variable based math is a part of arithmetic arrangements with the investigation of vectors, vector spaces (likewise called straight spaces), direct maps (additionally called straight changes), and frameworks of straight conditions. Vector spaces are the significant part in present day science; along these lines, straight variable based math is broadly utilized in both conceptual polynomial math and practical examination. 5) Differential Equations: A differential conditions are the numerical conditions for obscure elements of at least one factors that relate the estimations of the capacities without anyone else and its subordinates. Differential conditions assume a significant job in material science, designing, financial aspects and different subjects of science. Differential conditions are use in pretty much every territory of science and innovation. Newtons Laws likewise utilize differential conditions which permit one to relate the position, speed, increasing speed and different powers following up on the body and express this connection as a differential condition for the obscure situation of the body as a component of time. 6) Statistics: Statistics is the piece of arithmetic, as it is essentially the study of making great and effective utilization of numerical information identified with gatherings of individual numeric. It fundamentally manages not just the assortments, investigation and understandings of the gathered information, yet additionally the arranging of the assortment of information. Various kinds of building are: Software engineering designing. Compound designing. Structural building. Mechanical building. Electrical building. Aviation design. Electrochemical building. Atomic building. Marine building. Design building. Ecological designing. Let us examine them independently: 1) Computer science building: All PC programs do some type of considering a little piece of an undertaking. Checking a hundred things doesn't take quite a while, even without a PC however a few PCs may need to tally a billion things or more. On the off chance that the tallying isn't done effectively, it might take days for a program to complete a report which may take few moments to check. For instance, when we need to discover winning lottery ticket quantities of all lottery tickets. There are different procedures, and instruments, and so on usually utilized in programming. Models include: Boolean Algebra Item Oriented Programming Information Structures (records, sets, lines, stacks, and so forth.) Calculations (arranging, looking, navigating, and so forth.) Social Theory Set Theory Type Theory The above models depend on scientific computations. 2) Chemical designing: Arithmetic is extremely helpful in planning different segments of mixes, as mixes are made of various synthetic substances so expansion of synthetic substances are appropriately estimated and the amount to be put are determined by various science structures, as follow: Geometry Trigonometry Math I and II Straight Algebra Differential Equations Measurements. 3) Civil Engineering: Structural designing likewise can't move without arithmetic as this building additionally incorporates different kinds of counts for a work to be going on. For instance: We should compute how much quality a straight bar will bear (like a scaffold) before breakage. What amount of weight can a link of c measure of strands dismantle before it pulls? The branch science utilized in this building is: Geometry Differential Equations Social Theory Insights. 4) Mechanical building: The principle work of mechanical industry is fabricate modern apparatus, customer items, and so forth. They may make portrays and unpleasant designs, record and dissect information, make computations and assessments and all the above things need arithmetic. This building likewise incorporates subjects as thermodynamics, heat move, liquid mechanics, machine plan and mechanics of materials, producing, framework elements, numerical demonstrating, vibrations, turbo apparatus, ignition, warming, ventilating, and cooling which additionally needs material science which depends on math. The various types of science which mechanical building need are as per the following: Math 1, 2, and 3 Straight Algebra Differential Equations. 5) Electrical designing: Arithmetic is likewise extremely accommodating in electrical designing. As planning of circuits comprise of numerous counts on the off chance that we need proficient circuit to be set. Science is useful as follows: a) Modeling and investigation of electric circuits utilizing numerical differential conditions of first, second and higher requests. b) The plan of framework, for example, channels utilizing Laplace and Z changes. c) Electrical applications for movement utilizing extraordinary conditions. Along these lines, this building follows following parts of arithmetic: Number juggling Polynomial math Geometry Analytics Differential conditions Complex investigation Likelihood and insights. For instance: 5 check wires can convey a measure of current, with lost b over c separation. What amount of wire of that size would we be able to need to lay before we lose an excess of current for explicit circuit? 6) Aerospace building: The aviation design is for assembling and upkeep of airplane and space vehicles. This building utilizes PC and correspondence frameworks. Thus, this building incorporates all the parts of math which are remembered for PC designing and mechanical building. They are: Analytics 1,2,3 Direct Algebra Differential Equations. 7) Electrochemical Engineering: The electrochemical building is the designing which is the blend of both electrical just as substance building. In this way, this building likewise needs different activities and estimations for creation of different parts utilized in various items. 8) Nuclear designing: The atomic business comprise of different assignments, for example, creation, taking care of, and utilization of atomic fuel and the protected removal of waste delivered by the age of atomic vitality To be an atomic designer an individual need to have appropriate information on material science, PC, science and arithmetic in this way, in short an individual ought to have legitimate information on all fields of science including math. 9) Marine Engineering: As we realize that this designing is identified with Ships cruising in the seas and oceans. Boats needs to discover their way in the water by estimating the headings as there are no achievements in water as ashore. To discover the course bunches of estimations must be done which need arithmetic. The area of the boat is discovering by utilization of arithmetic with mix of material science. 10) Architectural Engineering: Compositional Engineering is a sort pf designing which is utilized to develop, plan and plan of structures and different structures. In this way, these work cannot be finished without utilizing estimations and counts use science. Assume if an architect needs to configuration connect it ahs to do different figurings, we do have equation for ascertaining quality of extension S=C(1-e^-kt) Where S=strength of extension C=Constant k=Constant t=time 11) Environmental Engineering: This designing is identified with the creating strategies and gadgets utilized in controlling, forestalling the natural disas
Friday, August 21, 2020
How can we combine Homeric texts and archeology to learn more about Essay
How might we join Homeric writings and prehistoric studies to get familiar with world class conduct in Greek Society What are the challenges - Essay Example What they help archaeologies in accomplishing are the signs of the things they have to consider. They give a guide on what to investigate and the course to take in the investigation of these antiquated remains. Among the hints that have been given before are the examination and the examination of the old Greek world in the custom of Schieman burrowing at Troy with the hand of Iliad. To upgrade the comprehension of the past human exercises, archeologists regularly use old style messages related to prehistoric studies to comprehend past method of the Greek world. The investigation of the past is likewise instrumental as it helps classicist in understanding the contemporary lifestyle corresponding to the birthplace of human exercises. This paper centers around how traditional content related to prehistoric studies helps in the comprehension of the old and the world class conduct of the Greek society just as the plausible issues that are probably going to be looked in the investigation o f over a significant time span human exercises. ... He needed that that whole he does to come out to be excellent (Kardaras 2011). The story bolts this idea by clarifying how Walt was biting the dust for greatness. He constantly needed the best items and consistently did amazing occupations. Through the account, it is likewise excellent to discover that Waltââ¬â¢s insanity and fixation on aretes, greatness drives him into the creation of the most perfect meth (Ross, and Hook, 2006). During the snapshots of war, archeologists through the content and content investigation finds that during the snapshot of significance and war, Homeric legends showed the quality and the might of aretes during the war. Looking for acknowledgment and respect, Walt took as much time as is needed in the meth lab to think of uncommon and the most refined weapons. The subsequent worth held by the Homeric that moves Walt is Kleos: that is, the inclination to individual magnificence and might. As it were, the Greeks needed to be known for something. For this situation the subject needed to be known for arete. All through the story, it is apparent that the significant thought process that drives one to work is the longing to accomplish something noteworthy. The Greek training and culture have been overwhelmed by the quest for greatness and the inclination to significance: individual magnificence. The Homerââ¬â¢s and Illiad are paeans and compatible of arete. These very inclinations wants despite everything command the contemporary Greek lifestyle. An honorable and apos aretes in Homer, is demonstrated by the keenness of his ability in war and the greatness of his weapon fabricating. In games, he is viewed as an individual who is quiet and commendable (Sissa, and Detienne 2000). Both of these events, war time and snapshots of harmony are all of tremendous incentive in show packaging the
Friday, August 7, 2020
Accounts Receivable and Bad Debts Expense
Accounts Receivable and Bad Debts Expense When you are running a business or an organization, managing the accounts receivables (A.R.) is a day-to-day affair. You know you have to keep things tight, but you donât know how to go about it.What if clients do not pay on time? What if you have a delayed payment? How do you ensure that you have money to spend on marketing and strategizing, and yet have everything functioning just as it should? You donât want to fire employees, do you?The one thing that can help you take care of it is ensuring that accounts receivables happen as they should.So, what is it?A.R. is the balance that your customers owe your firm for goods or services bought but is yet to be paid. For any sales, an organization needs to send out invoices to the customers for payment. However, there are challenges that organizations have to deal with when it comes to pending amounts.A firm also extends the line of credit for its customers, with terms that have due payment dates, set with a consensus and can range from weeks to a fiscal or calendar year. And since the customers are legally obliged to pay the debts, organizations consider these receivables as assets.Current assets involve those amounts receivable that is due in less than a year. In such cases, the firm accepts an IOU (I Owe You) from the customers.HOW DO BUSINESSES WORK WITH ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES?What could be the first thing in your mind when you start a business? Probably expansion? Or getting new clients with the right sales pitch strategy?And for that, youâll need customers and sales. To facilitate hassle-free payments and transactions, most of the organizations allow a portion of their sales to go on credit, particularly for customers who are regular.Some companies allow their customers to pay after the delivery of goods or services. When a customer orders a good, the company waits for the payment and meanwhile, considers these pending invoices as accounts receivabl e.WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES?As many as 93% of businesses receive late payments, and you would need to be prepared for it.Accounts Receivables are considered to be an essential part of a business. Since most of the receivables are current assets, an organization or a firm deems them as short-term debts.Analysts assess accounts receivables based on the firmâs frequency of collecting the balance in an accounting period and also analyze the sales outstanding for the receivable balance over a stipulated period. If you do it properly, you keep customer perceptions about your brand in check too.DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RECEIVABLES AND ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLESYou may have to write off bad debts sooner than you know it. Statistics suggest that on average, companies write off around 4% of their accounts receivable as bad debt, and that can add up quickly if you arenât careful.Before we dig in deeper, here is a small difference between two types of receivable s in a company. Though both might sound quite similar, youâll see a difference when you sit to review your financial documents.Receivables are the financial debts that others owe to your company and as a whole, pretty much cover everything under Trade and Non-Trade Receivables.Trade Receivablesâ" Trade Receivables are the credits that your customers owe you for all the goods and services purchased from your company. These receivables are recorded in your companyâs balance sheet as current assets.Non-Trade Receivables â" Non-Trade Receivables come from the transactions, apart from your normal line of business. These have reimbursements from insurance, advance receivables from your employees, receivables from insurance claims and tax returns.Do all receivables come under A.R.? No. while A.R.is a receivable, not all kinds of receivables are accounts receivables.ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES VS. ACCOUNTS PAYABLESYou might have a fair idea on the bas ics of accounts receivables, so here is a distinction between two types of accounts that your company will fundamentally run on.While accounts receivables are the amounts pending from a client or customer, accounts payables are debts that your company owes to the suppliers or vendors. You can consider this as an accounting entry in the firmâs book of debts. These are just the opposite of the receivables and reflect as Current Liabilities on the balance sheet.ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES AFFECT ON BUSINESS CASH FLOWFor your company to survive in the market, a proper and on-going business cash flow is important. What if your company runs out of cash for any reason? In such a case, there is no way you can withstand the poor financial health for a long time.In brief, cash flow is the inflow and outflow of money in the business and helps in meeting order requirements, payroll within the company and running other operational activities.The operational expenses and inflow, espe cially the receivables and payables, are major factors that calculate the cash flow of your company.Cash Flow = Operational Cash Flow + Financial Cash Flow + Investment Cash Flow Accounts receivables hold a significant part in the operating cash flow of your company. Any amount involved in unpaid invoices isnât considered physical cash flow, because you donât have the cash in hand.How do You Ensure You Manage Accounts Receivables Properly?Did you know that if you have bills overdue for over 90 days, they could be worth as little as 20% of their initial value? You wouldnât want that, would you? Few tips on how to manage your accounts receivables:1. Manage Your Accounts Receivables Closely â" Unless you track your receivables, you might not have a clear picture of your available cash. The receivables cannot even be considered as a part of your business cash flow because you havenât received the money yet.Therefore, itâs important to chase the pending money t o make sure that the payments are received positively and to avoid a setback in the actual cash flow you require for your business.2. Sync Your Receivables With Your Payables â" Both accounts receivables and payables are inter-related in a way. While you have money pending from the customers, you also have pending payments that you owe to your suppliers or vendors. These payables include bills, payrolls, operational expenses, and business payments, that you need to pay within a time-frame.If your customers arenât diligent about paying on time, your payables will be affected as a result. Also, your receivables might have a window of more than a month, but certain payables cannot wait that long.Therefore, you need to be careful of the accounts receivable turnover ratio at all times, else you might find yourself in a tough spot in running your business smoothly.In such cases, itâs a good idea to slightly narrow down the time-frame of receiving payments from you r clients and customers.3. Keeping an Eye on the Outstanding Accounts Receivables â" For the growth of a company, itâs a mandate to stay updated as well as upgraded; and both require money. If the inflow is not much compared to your outflow, you will skip either of the two to maintain liquidity in the business.By keeping an eye on your receivables, and having proper methods of chasing it, youâll save yourself from going beneath the benchmark.In case of situations where you arenât able to wait longer for the receivables but have already provided the customer with a time-frame that hasnât arrived yet, you can also count on Invoice Factoring. This is a financing tool that allows short-term capital for a business to run, in exchange for the invoices.Youâll receive 80% of the invoice value right away and rest 20%, once when the payment is complete. However, you get charged a fee for the same, and itâs available only for business to business or business to gov ernment invoicing.4. An Accounts Receivables Process â" A docile plan for debt collection might not always work. An assertive approach instead, will help you improve the cash flow. If you can manage the accounts receivable process, youâll be able to get your money on time systematically. A receivables process will have plans on how you can strategically make sure your receivables arenât long overdue. Below are few terms you can include to handle such situations effectively.Clear out payment terms with your clients/customers and keep it as transparent as possible.Always use your brand logo to stand out among multiple invoices that the clients/customers receive every day.Everything you write down has to be crystal clear and comprehensible to the clients/customers.Being on time and sending out invoices in a particular date or within the dates will let the clients and customers remember you.Any late payment needs to be charged. That way the clients/customers will av oid unpunctuality and make payments timely.Have a team to call the clients/customers to remind them of their outstanding bills.5. Revisit Your Policies â" If you feel that your business isnât facing issues as of now and you have enough cash flow to meet requirements, run the operations and even upgrade, you are good with receivables. However, there is always room for improvement. You can always revisit your policies to make the most of them.To reduce the receivable pressure, you can cut down on your payment timelines. Invest in training your professionals in the accounts receivable team, so that they well versed with the company requirements and processes. Figure out a plan that can help your professionals systematically chase the dues on time.6. Clear and Short Approval Process â" There is no harm in extending your credit, but while doing so, you need to make sure that the process is clear and needs to include instructions on how and when to cancel credit limits and pla ce the defaulterâs account on hold.Giving in to credits is quite a natural thing when you want to grow your business and improve sales. However, some pitfalls lead to the severe financial health of your company.7. Bill Electronically â" Billing your customers online will help avoid too many hard copies. Paper checks might sound better, but there is more accuracy in electronically generated bills and invoices. Plus, it allows you a hassle-free process.HIGH ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE TURNOVERNow that we have talked about ways of managing your accounts receivables, we also need to emphasize a healthy financial statement of your company.How do you accomplish that? If youâre looking to have a healthy financial statement, your company needs to be able to make debt collections efficiently. The accounts receivable turnover of a company explains the collection of average accounts receivables in a year. If the turnover ratio is lower than expected, it shows either low c ustomer quality or an unproductive collection department.As long as your company can collect credit on time, the business is safe; else itâs high time you looked into the problems seriously.WHAT IS BAD DEBT EXPENSE?What happens when your accounts receivables cannot be collected anymore? Thatâs when you know you have a Bad Debt. Bad debts are a loss that your company endures when the extended credit becomes worthless due to the customersâ inability to pay.After 90 days overdue, these bad debts are considered uncollectible, and this will further increase the expense in profit and loss statement.Based on the past experiences, some companies that allow credit sales, estimate the certain percentage of their sales to turn into bad debts; which you can record as provision for credit losses.THE TOP BAD DEBT SCENARIOS YOU WANT TO AVOIDImagine you have a company that sells out bicycle parts and you have regular customers who make frequent purchases. Keeping that in mind, you allowed an extended credit to few of the customers on request and had agreed to receive the payment after two months.However, if these customers are not getting back on time and are also not responding to calls or emails even after two months, they can be considered as low-quality customers.You might want to keep this under accounts receivable until you feel you can expect money; but if the customers havenât shown positive signs of paying the pending amount, you can consider them as bad debts and also write it off after 90 days.There are two methods for recording the amount of Bad Debts Expense:1. Direct Write-Off Method â" In this method, the uncollected account is identified and then removed from accounts receivables. This method results in debt to the bad debt expense and a credit to the receivables for the amount written-off and you need it while filing your U.S. income taxes.2. Allowance Method â" In this method, a compan y foresees the accounts receivables that will not be collected. It is said that this method is more helpful comparatively, since the balance sheet will have a more realistic amount to be collected from the accounts receivables, and also, these bad debts expense will be reported closer to the time of credit sales on the firmâs statement.When both balances are registered in the balance sheet, the loan receivable account will be reduced. Firms use statistical calculations to estimate the bad debts expense and determine the probable losses, based on the historical data. Also, a bad debts expense can be assessed using the percentage of the net sales based on previous experiences.HOW BAD DEBT EXPENSE AFFECTS YOUR BUSINESS?Whether you want to extend the time of payment for the customer or want to write it off directly depends on your decision, but before that, you need to be mindful of the payment terms and conditions. Once your payment terms are set, communicate to th e customers and then follow up diligently. Failing to adhere to these terms will affect both the customers as well as the business.Why write-off an outstanding invoice? Writing off an outstanding invoice will give you a precise scenario of the financial health of your company. This will avoid unnecessary overstatement of your revenue, assets, and earnings from those assets by the end of the year.How can you ensure better bookkeeping? For better bookkeeping, you need an accounting method for your company to follow. Itâs easy to get confused as to which accounting method to own. Nevertheless, it is one of the vital decisions you need to make as youâll be sticking to it for a long time.ACCRUAL VS. CASH ACCOUNTINGThere are two options you have for accounting method: Cash basis accounting and Accrual accounting. In the former, the sales and purchase are recorded as soon as you receive money from the customer or pay a bill.In accrual accounting, a sa le is recorded the moment you provide goods or services, and an expense is counted when you purchase the same from the vendor, irrespective of the payment being received/paid or not.1. Cash Basis Accounting â" Small businesses generally go for this, where the purchase and sales are recorded as and when cash is received or paid.For example, if you are supplying notebooks to an office, you will not record the sale until you receive payment for the sale made. Once you have received the payment, you can include this in the book.Similarly, the papers and covers you purchase for the notebook manufacturing cannot be recorded in the book as a purchase, unless you make payments for the same. Once the payment is made, you can include this under purchase.2. Accrual Accounting â" This method allows you to record the sales and purchases as and when the delivery is done, or services are fulfilled.For example, if you are supplying 100 notebooks to an office, you will make an invoice to bill the customer. You can record it in the book immediately, irrespective of you receiving the payment or not.Similarly, when you purchase the raw materials, you need to record the purchase immediately after receiving them from the vendor, even if the payment isnât yet done.Accrual accounting can be a little challenging for you, considering the cash ambiguity within the anticipated period, especially when a customer owes you money. You may or may not receive the payment due from the customers, and might end up facing a bad debt. However, if it becomes difficult to track, you can even consult bookkeeping professionals available, either online or personally.IMPACT OF THE BAD DEBT EXPENSE ON YOUR FINANCIAL STATEMENTSLike we mentioned before, writing off an outstanding invoice as bad debt is ideal because it will help avoid overstating your revenue and reflects actual collectible amount from the clients and customers. But in any case, bad debt is alwa ys a loss for your business and is best avoided with practical methodologies.Here is how bad debts affect a companyâs balance sheet and profit and loss statements.How Bad Debt Affects the Financial Statements:Account AffectedImpact on AccountFinancial StatementBad Debt ExpenseIncreaseProfit and LossAccounts ReceivableDecreaseBalance SheetHOW TO KNOW YOUR CUSTOMERS?When you are new in a business, it might not always seem possible to be able to judge your customers. To increase sales and clients, you might as well go ahead of your credit limit, and time of payment you set for them.However, there are few basic attributes that you can easily pick to understand if itâs time to write-off invoices of those customers or waits for a while.Youâve waited long enough, but the customer is not contacting you regarding the dues. The only reason behind such response is an intention on not paying.You are trying to make contacts, but the customer wonât answer your calls. When cu stomers start ignoring your calls, it indicates that they are not ready to make payments.Even after extended credit, if a customer is not communicating with you, itâs time you understood they are likely to be bad debts.If you have gone through this already, you may want to revisit your collection process and make changes. You might find loopholes somewhere in the current process if itâs not working well for your business.To add value to your process, you can also include discounts to early customers, encouraging timely payments and late charges on the defaulters to avoid delay on the same. One way of chasing your money is by following up rigorously. You can either set a team to do the needful or send out reminders religiously.TAKING BAD DEBTS OFF YOUR BUSINESS TAX RETURNLoans to customers and sales on credit are a part of the business. If an investment doesnât do well, you cannot consider that a bad debt altogether. The IRS allows you a deduction in case of bu siness bad debt that has become partially or fully valueless.However, youâll be required to run your business on accrual accounting method for deductions on bad debts. Below are few steps on writing off bad debts by the year-end.Sum up your Bad Debts â" Make a list of all the defaulters by the end of the year and check if you have attempted collection from them or not.Accounts Receivable Aging Report â" This report will include all the money you are yet to receive from the customers and how long it has been outstanding.Add Bad Debts on Business Tax Return â" You can deduct all your bad debts if you can file your taxes (business) on Schedule C.(However, when it comes to cash basis accounting, you cannot register bad debts expense deduction until you are paid for your goods or services. You may have a receivable, but you must collect the receivable to record the income. No income recorded, no bad debt.)If you have already reported unpaid invoices on a pr evious yearâs return as income, you may claim the bad debts as a business expense on Line 8590 of Form T2125. Each year, the IRS allows a deduction for bad debts you suffered.Since bad debts are uncollectible, youâll never receive your money. Therefore, the government helps you by deducting that amount on your taxes. However, there are terms and conditions before you can claim for the deduction.
Sunday, June 28, 2020
Emergent Technology Drones - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - 3850 Words
Emergent Technology: Drones - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Term Paper Sample) Content: Emergent Technology: DRONESOctober 29, 2016AbstractUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), or as they are commonly known, drones have been developed since early 19th century. The human race has always desired to take aerial pictures, send messages using aerial vehicles and participate in war operating weapons remotely. The quest led to a succession of advancement of drones to the current sophisticated UAVs. Modern UAVs have great ability and are simple and small enough to be used for recreation and delivery. Others are so advanced that they can collect intelligence around the world and remain invisible to the radar system. War UAVs can carry and drop bombs on targets with high accuracy. These abilities have caused many social, economic, political and cultural implications like the act of killing by remotely operating a bomber, privacy invasion, safety measures for recreation purposes, noise pollution, wildlife disturbance and environmental hazards associated with their manufa cturing.IntroductionThe recent rapid rise of drones also known as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or the Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) has brought about fascination, excitement, and concern from all sectors on all sides. Earlier on, drones were used solely for military purposes having very few dedicated hobbyists; drones have now exploded onto the public realization with spectacular images of mountain views, stunning crashes, and acrobatic product deliveries. By 2020, the drone industry is estimated to reach about $11.5 billion yearly. All but unheard of just half a decade ago, drones are here to stay (Floreano Wood, 2015). This research study about drones will explore the impact drone technology will bring in regards to work, life, education, governing and social relationships. The essay is about an emerging technology of UAVs that are being found useful in various areas like warfare, recreation, and photography, and their implications like in privacy, pollution, and morali ty.Drones are a continually increasing becoming popular and interesting technology emerging in the contemporary world. As engineers keep on creating various sensory technologies into the advancement of drones, its unsettling effects will become ever more visible. Whether this new invention is used for social or commercial reasons, it most undoubtedly is headed in the direction of changing the society both socially and structurally.Maxwell, (2016)explain drones to be of two types. One is the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and the other is the unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) both offering the same service though the UAV is for commercial purposes while the UCAV is for military uses. Drones are a unique emerging technology meant to provide efficiency in existing systems by opening up entirely new markets and possibilities. The Drone technology is continually evolving with innovations being brought every few months to the market.A glance at the future world gives predictions the p otential of drones in regards to increasing revenue opportunities. UAVs are expected to deliver special door to door services, help in dissemination of urgent medical supplies as well as enhance precision farming I agriculture. Moreover, adoption of drones will improve how we view the world, enabling people to explore areas they would physically not be able to reach. Additionally, GIS services, as well as engineering survey, will be improved by this new technology.Drones are being applied in educational perspectives in regards to the technology behind it as well as its improvement. Numerous high learning institutions are adopting and developing the drone technology with engineers working round the clock to devise highly effective drones for both military and commercial use. Kuzma, Dobson, Robinson Williams (2016), have suggested ways in which businesses can capitalize on these new technologies particularly organizations majoring in the wildlife sector. Drones can be used for tracki ng wildlife thereby helping tourist guides with their activities.Additionally, social institutions are adopting this technology, which is meant to influence the institutions both at the macro and micro level. On a micro level, the effect of education geared around drones will modify the way engineers and programmers advance the technology. The drone programs are expected to change the education system through the creation of new courses and specialized degrees focused on the drone technology.Moreover, drones are expected to impact the economy by enhancing how people carry out their businesses. Future business, particularly in the agricultural sector, internet provision, and delivery services, will depend greatly on drones to stay ahead of the competition. With this technology inclination, it can be assumed that the drone technology industry will enlarge as it is still in the initial phases of its life cycle.Nevertheless, the use of drones in industrial, civil, agricultural, military and scientific areas raises some ethical concerns regarding safety, surveillance, and privacy. This research paper aims to explore and suggest propositions in regards to the ethical development of the drone technology. Moreover, the paper will identify the various significance of drone technology, the problems that are expected to arise from the use of the drone technology, the benefits that will be brought forward as well as its impact on significant sectors of the economy and projected future. This research study about drones will explore the impact drone technology will bring in regards to work-life, education, governing and social relationshipsHistorical TimelineTimeline of a droneDrones HistoryDrones have come a long way since early 19th century. The quest for wider visibility, photography, military superiority brought the drones into a whole new level of ability. Amazon is looking forward to launching delivery drones, as it does so; lets look at the history that that made the technology a reality in the 21st century. We will look at the early quest and development on aerial photography, spying and military actions that have got sophisticated gradually.Balloons made the first stages of attempts to collection information and even conduct strikes from the space. During the early 19th century, kites were flown from a sea, aboard ships to communicate to other ships in the sea. This idea was probably what informed innovators of the idea of unmanned aerial boats that can pass information. During this period, the kites passed information just because they were seen. The Australians who controlled most of Italy are believed to have used balloons for either information collection or bombing in 1849. However, we are sure that in 1862 balloons were used during the civil war. Few years before the use of balloons in 1855, a photographer Gaspar Felix Tournachon patented aerial photographs and took a balloon photograph in 1858 (Keane and Carr, 2013).The First World War then created a demand for weapons, intelligence and machines. One machine they needed most is something that could deliver a bomb to the target without fearing its loss. Journalist needed something that could take pictures in a war zone without endangering their lives. These gave rise to new innovated breed of drones. Reginald Denny who is a screen actor and model made what came to be known as the commencement of the new generation drones. In 1938 he made the nine foot R/C drone that was able to be controlled by radio. In 1940 he sold 15,000 pieces to the US military for practice. Unlike its predecessors the drone was able to change direction upon command, fly faster and less visible due to its shape (Keane and Carr, 2013).There is a remarkable difference between the first drones by Denny and the last ones. In 1943, the Germans became the first to put the new technology into use. They remotely dropped a bomb on a target with an R/C model drone remotely controlled. They called their R/C model of a drone the FX1400 or the Fritz X. The drone also developed in photography. We saw the rise of usage of drone during the Second World War. In 1944, a journalist called David Conover shot a video using a drone in a wartime assembly plant. This technology has developed lately to make spy drones (Keane and Carr, 2013).The MQ-1 Predator was the latest entry to the drone industry. The drone can stay aloft for over a day, fly kilometers with great accuracy. The predator was the birth of modern drones that are used in modern warfare and photography. The GPS systems have now enabled the drones to transverse the world ghostly and carrying thousands of pounds of bombs and destroy targets with unimaginable precision. Drones are also being used by consumers in local ceremony video shooting, management, and construction survey. Amazon is planning to start delivery of items using drones while authorities in many countries are seriously considering enacting laws to cover the use of d rones by consumers (Kakaes et al., 2015).The idea of drone technology started a very long time ago. It has continuously developed due to demand of the services and improvement of other technologies. The first item to be used as a drone many centuries ago was a balloon. It was used to send messages, warfare, and photography. It gave way to the R/C drones in the early 20th century. Those also were re-invented to the GPS sleek Predator drones that have killed thousands since the Second World War. We currently have very many types of drone from those used with normal people carrying heavy photography equipment to those military drones able to stay on air for hours delivering heavy bombs and invisibly collecting information.Impact AnalysisSocial Impacts of DronesDrones have a huge impact on various aspects of social life. They are creating a difference in social classes, putting pressure on the low socia...
Saturday, May 23, 2020
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